初中英语九年级下册学习资源

篇1:初中英语九年级下册学习资源
Unit7 知识梳理
Unit7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
【重点短语】
1.get his driver’s license 取得驾驶执照
2.no way没门,不行
3.sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的人
sixteen-year-old 十六岁的
4. be worried about=worry about 担
5. have part-time jobs 做兼职工作
6. get one’s ears pierced 打耳洞
7. get / have / make sth. done 使某物被做……
8. stop doing sth 停止做某事
9. stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
10. spend time with sb. 花时间和某人在一起
11.take photos, take a photo 照相
12.use a flash 使用闪光灯
13.all night 整夜
14.stay by my side 呆在我身边
15.make sure = be sure 确保,确定
16.keep sb. (away) from sth使某人远离某物
17. hurt oneself 伤害某人自己
18. give sb. a hug = hug sb. 拥抱某人
19.lift sb.up 举起某人
20. cough badly 剧烈地咳嗽
21. talk back 回嘴
22. an adult 一个成人
23. think back to 回想起
24. regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
25. make one’s own decision 做某人自己的觉得
26.too + adj.+ to do sth. 太…而不能做某事
27.learn…from…从…...学到…...
28.agree with sb 同意某人的观点
29.disagree with sb. 不同意某人的观点
30.move out 搬出去
【重点句型】
1.I don’t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔。
2. They talk instead of doing homework.
他们聊天而不是做作业。
3. He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm.
允许他们熬到晚上11点。
4. We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.
我们应该被允许更加经常的花些时间多做这类事情。
5. What school rules do you think should be changed?
你认为学校的哪些制度应该改一改了?
6. The two pairs of jeans both look good on me.
这两条牛仔裤穿在我身上都适合。
7. The classroom is a real mess.
教室太脏了。
8. Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
我应该被允许自己做决定吗?
9. Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream.
只有这样我才能实现我的梦想。
10. They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much a s they want.
应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间。
11. We have nothing against running.
我们没有理由反对他跑步。
03
词汇精讲
1. choose
choose作动词,意为“选择,挑选”,后接宾语,常用搭配如下:
choose sth. for sb. 为某人选择某物;
choose sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事;
choose + wh从句(where,what,when等引导的特殊疑问句)例如:
We has chosen a birthday present for you.
我们已经为你选择了一个礼物。
I’d like to choose Jim to go there with me.
我选择吉姆和我一起去。
Our teacher will let us choose where we should have our picnic.
我们老师要我们选择哪儿野炊。
2. chance
(1) chance表示“机会”,是可数名词,要表示“做某事的机会”,其后可接 to do sth. 或 of doing sth.。例如:
It is a good chance to study English.
这是学习英语的好机会。
I have a chance of going to Beijing.
我有机会去北京。
(2)表示“希望”、“可能性”,可用作可数名词或不可数名词。要表示“做某事的可能性”,通常后接“of doing” 形式。例如:
He has a good chance of winning. 他很有希望获胜。
There is still chance that you will pass the exam.
你考试及格还是有希望的。
(3)用于 by chance, 意为“偶然地”、“无意中”。例如:
He met her by chance. 他是偶然遇到她的
3. manage
(1) 作动词,意为“管理;经营;处理”。例如:
He manages a hotel for his father.
他替他父亲经营一家旅馆。
(2) 作动词,还意为“控制;照管;驾驭”。例如:
She doesn’t know how to manage her naughty children.
她不知道怎样管好自己的顽皮孩子。
(3) 作动词,还指“设法做到”。例如:
How did you manage to get their approval?
你怎么得到他们的同意的?
【拓展】辨析:manage to do 与try to do
manage to do… 则表示“设法做某事而且成功了”。
try to do… 意为“尽力做某事”,但是不一定做成。例如:
He managed to pass the examination. = He succeeded in passing the examination.
他成功地通过了考试。
He tried to get the work done with little help.
他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。
4. support
(1)support用作动词,意为“支撑、负担重量”。例如:
Is the bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries?
这个大桥是足够结实支撑这个重的货车吗?
(2)support用作动词,意为“养(家);维持(生活);负担(费用)等”。例如:
It’s difficult for him to support himself on such a small salary.
对于他用这么低的薪水养家很困难。
They encouraged me, and they supported me with money.
他们不仅鼓励我,而且与我以金钱上的支持。
(3)support用作动词,还表示“支持,赞成”。例如:
His family supported him in his decision.
他的家庭支持他的决定。
(4)in support of 表示“支持,证明 (作状语)”。例如:
He spoke in support of the plan.
他发言支持这项计划。
5. enter
(1)enter作动词,意为“进入”。等同于go into, come into。注意enter后面不能跟into。例如:
She entered the room quietly. = She went into the room quietly.
她悄悄地进入屋中。
(2)enter还可意为“参加,加入;使参加;开始从事;登陆,将……输入”。例如:
TheUnited Statesdid not enter the war until April 19, 1917.
美国直到一九一七年四月十九日才参战。
They entered their child at a private school.
他们让他们的孩子在一所私立学校就读。
He showed me how to enter data into the computer.
他告诉我如何将数据输入计算机。
6. hurt
hurt为普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如:
You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat.
你说她胖,伤害了她的感情了。
I hope you haven’t hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。
【拓展】表示人体某部位“痛”时的几种结构:
(1)have a + 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。例如:
have a headache 头痛
have a toothache 牙痛
have a stomachache胃痛
(2)have a sore + 身体部位名词。例如:
have a sore throat 喉咙痛
have a sore arm 胳膊痛
(3)身体部位 + hurt/ache。例如:
My eyes hurts. 我眼睛痛。
My legs ache. 我腿疼。
(4)have a pain in/ on + the + 身体部位。例如:
I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。
(5)There is something wrong with + one’s + 身体部位。例如:
There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的眼睛有毛病。
7. achieve
(1) achieve作及物动词,意为“完成,实现”。例如:
You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
No one can achieve anything without effort.
谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。
(2) achieve作及物动词,意为“达到,赢得”。例如:
The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen.
那位演员十九岁时就成名了。
She achieved no success. 她有没获得成功。
【拓展】achievement作名词,意为“成就,成绩”。例如:
The invention of the computer is a great achievement.
发明电脑是一大成就。
8.dream
dream意为“做梦”,作不及物动词,常用于短语dream of/about doing sth.意为“梦想/梦见做某事”。例如:
He often dreams at night. 他在晚上经常做梦。
She often dreams of / about her grandmother.
她经常梦到她的奶奶。
Many young people dream of/about becoming famous basketball player.
许多年轻人都梦想成为有名的篮球运动员。
04
句式精讲
1. Teenagers should be allowed to …
(1)be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”,是含有情态动词的被动语态。它的结构是:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。例如:
The work can be finished in two days.
这件工作可以在两天后完成。
(2)它的否定形式是在情态动词的后面加not。
Smoking can’t be allowed in the classroom.
吸烟在教室里是不被允许的。
(3)一般疑问句是把情态动词提到句子开头。
Can your work be finished today?
你的工作今天能完成吗?
(4)动词短语allow somebody to do something的意思是“允许某人做某事”。
My parents allow me to go swimming after school.
我的父母允许我放学后去游泳。
2. Anna wants to get her ears pierced.
get their ears pierced 意为“穿耳洞”。
get / have sth. done意为“让/使(别人)做某事”。例如:
I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired.
我让别人修好我的车。
【拓展】
(1)get后面只接宾语,意为“获到”、“得到”。例如:
We get light and heat from the sun.我们从太阳那里得到光和热。
(2)“get+宾语+宾语补语(形容词、不定式、过去分词、介词短语或副词)”,其中get作“使得、让”解。例如:
Get the tools ready.(形容词作宾语补语)
把工具准备好。
He got his clothes wet.(形容词作宾语补语)
他把衣服弄湿了。
They will get a student to bring on a topic.(不定式短语作宾语补语)
他们将让一个学生提出题目。
(3)“get+形容词”表示“变得……”。例如:
The days are getting longer and longer.白天变得越来越长了。
3. But sometimes these can get in the way of their schoolwork…
get in the way of意为“阻碍,妨碍……”。例如:
Her social life got in the way of her studies.
她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。
【拓展】
(1)in the way有“挡路”的意思,还有“用这种方法”的意思。例如:
Sorry, you are in the way. 对不起,你挡路了。
In this way,he has collected a great many stamps。
用这种方法他收集了大量的邮票。
(2)on the way 意为“在去某地的路上”。例如:
On the way to the station,I bought some chocolate。
在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。
(3)by the way意为“顺便说一声”。例如:
By the way,have you seen Harry recently?
顺便说一句,你最近见过哈里吗?
(4)in a way意为“从某种意义上说”。例如:
In a way,it is an important book。
在某种意义上,这是一本重要的书。
4. I was safe and kept me from danger.
(1)keep用作及物动词,意为“保存;保留;保守”。例如:
Could you keep these letters for me, please?
你能替我保存这些信吗?
I’ll keep a seat for you. 我给你留个座位。
Can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密吗?
(2)keep用作连系动词,后常接表语形容词,意为“保持处于某种状态”。例如:
You must look after yourself and keep healthy.
你必须照顾好自己,保持身体健康。
She knew she must keep calm. 她知道她必须保持镇静。
(3)keep的常用句型:
keep doing sth. 意为“继续干某事“,表示不间断地持续干某事,后须接延续性的动词。例如:
He kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.
他整天都在不停地工作,因为他想准时完成工作。
keep on doing sth. 意为“持续做某事”。例如:
The pupil kept on asking me the same question.
这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。
keep...from doing sth.意为“阻止/防止……做某事”。例如:
The heavy snow kept us from going out.
大雪使我们不能出去
5. Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old boy from Shandong, is a running star.
fifteen-year-old既可以作形容词,也可以作名词,意为“15岁的(孩子)”。
My pen pal is a sixteen -year-old boy. 我的笔友是16岁的男孩。
Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
应该允许16岁的孩子选择自己的服装。
【拓展】
英语合成形容词主要有如下几类:
(1)数词+名词 a five-minute walk 一段步行五分钟的路程
(2)数词+名词+形容词 a six –year-old girl 一个六岁的女孩
(3)形容词+名词 a full-time school 一所全日制学校
(4)名词+现在分词/过去分词 an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家
篇2:初中英语九年级下册学习资源
Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.
Unit8 知识梳理
【重点短语】
1. belong to… 属于…...
2. toy truck 玩具卡车
3. her favorite writer 她最喜爱的作家
4. the only little lid唯一的小孩
5. listen to pop music听流行音乐
6. hair band 发带
7. attend a concert 参加音乐会
8. in the music hall 在音乐大厅
9. something valuable 贵重的东西
10.go to a picnic=go for a picnic去野餐
11. at the picnic在野餐时
12. the rest of my friends 我其余的朋友
13. pick it up 捡起,拾起
14. each other=one another 互相,彼此
15. nothing much没什么(事)
16. something unusual不寻常的东西
17. something strange奇怪的事
18. anything else其它的东西
19. be interviewed by… 被…采访
20. strange noises 奇怪的声音
21. outside our window在我们的窗外
22. next-door neighbor隔壁邻居
23. at first 首先,起初
24. run away 逃走
25. feel uneasy 感到不安
26. have no idea=don’t know 不知道
27. go away 走开,离开
28. noise-maker 噪音的制造者
29. have fun doing sth.做某事开心
30. create fear制造恐惧
【重点句型】
1. If you have any idea where it might be, please call me.
如果你知道它可能在哪,请打电话给我。
2. It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30% to the final exam.
关键是我必须学,因为它占期末考试的30%。
3. What do you think “anxious“ means?
你认为“anxious”是什么意思?
4. He could be running for exercise.
他可能是在跑步锻炼身体。
5. He might be running to catch a bus.
他可能是在跑着赶公共汽车。
6. Why do you think the man is running?
你觉得那个男的为什么跑?
03
词汇精讲
1. must be
“must + 动词原形”表示对现在的情况进行推测或判断,用于肯定句中,语气十分肯定,意为“一定,肯定”。例如:
This must be your room. 这一定是你的房间。
He must be eighty now. 他现在一定有八十岁了。
【拓展】
can’t be 意为“不可能是”,表示有把握的否定推测。例如:
He can’tbe Mike, for I saw him in the library just now.
他不可能是Mike,因为我刚才还看见他在图书馆呢。
含有must be的句子变为否定句时,需把must be改为can’tbe。例如:
It must be Linda’s coat. 它一定是Linda的外套。(肯定猜测)
It can’t be Linda’s coat. 它不可能是Linda的外套。(否定推测)
2. belong to
belong to意为“属于”,后接名词或代词,但后面不能接名词所有格。例如:
The house belongs to Mr. Wang.这所房子是王先生的。
The MP5 belongs to me.这个MP5是我的。
【注意】belong to无被动语态和进行时。
3. happen
happen是不及物动词,它的用法有:
(1) 表示“某地/某时发生了什么事”,常用“sth. + happened + 时间/地点”这一结构,此时主语应该是物。例如:
The story happened in .
这个故事发生在。
An accident happened in that street.
那条街上发生了一起事故。
(2) 表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”要用“sth. + happened + to sb.”这一结构。例如:
A car accident happened to her this morning.
今天上午她出了车祸。
What happened to you? 你怎么啦?
(3) 表示“某人碰巧做某事”要用“sb. + happened + to do sth.”这一结构。例如:
I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.
昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。
【拓展】happen和take place的辨析:
(1) happen指具体客观事物的发生,常有偶然性,未能预见性,即“偶然发生”。例如:
What happened to him? 他出了什么事?
(2) take place常用于历史事件或会议的发生,以及化学、物理变化,有事先预料或计划的意思,即“计划发生”。例如:
The party took place yesterday evening. 昨晚举办了晚会。
注意:happen和take place均为不及物动词,无被动语态。
4. noise
noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”,常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。例如:
Don’t make any noise! 别吵闹!
The noise wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我!
【拓展】
(1) sound可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声音。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。例如:
Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。
(2) voice一般指人的声音,说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用voice。sound和noise不仅能指人的声音,还可以表示别的动物发出的声音,而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外,很少表示其它动物的声音。例如:
The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。
They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。
When the teacher came into the classroom,our monitor spoke in a loud voice,“Stand up!”
老师走进教室时,班长大声喊:“起立!”
5. pick up
pick up意为“捡起,拾起”,是动副结构。例如:
She picked up a stone and threw it at the dog.
她捡起一块石头朝那条狗扔去。
【拓展】pickup还有以下几种含义:
(1) 表示“中途搭载乘客”;“接人”等意思?例如:
The train stopped several times to pick uppassengers.
火车沿途停了好几次,让乘客上车?
Wait here and I’ll pick you up at twoo’clock.
在这儿等着,两点钟我来接你?
(2) 表示“意外发现”;“学到”;“获得”等意思?例如:
Looking through the evening paper last night,I picked up a wonderful poem.
昨晚在浏览晚报时,我意外发现了一首好诗?
While working in the factory, thestudents picked up a great deal of information on machinery.
在工厂劳动期间,学生们学到了许多关于机械方面的知识?
(3) 表示“收拾”;“整理”等意思?例如:
The teacher told the students to pick upeverything on the floor and get the room tidy before they went out.
老师告诉学生们在出去之前把地上的东西收拾起来,把房间整理干净?
Please pick up all your toys when you’vefinished playing. 你玩过后请把玩具收拾好?
(4) 表示“(从电台?收音机)收听”;“接收”;“记录”等意思?例如:
I managed to pick up an American newsbroadcast.
我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播?
It is necessary to use a long wave radio topick up the “Follow Me” program.
必须用一台长波收音机才能收听到“跟我学”这个节目?
6. run away
run away是固定搭配,表示“逃跑”。例如:
The thief tried to run away, but he failed.
那个小偷试图逃跑,但失败了。
【拓展】常见的away的短语有:
take away 拿走,带走
stay away 离开
move away搬走
put away收起来
give away捐赠;赠给
7. fear
fear作不可数名词,意为“恐惧;惧怕;害怕;担忧”。例如:
There is no reason for her mother’s fear.
她妈妈的担心是没有道理的。
【拓展】fear作动词,意为“担心;害怕”,其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或that从句。例如:
The man fears his wife. 这个男人怕他老婆。
The girl feared to speak before the public.
这个女孩害怕在公众面前讲话。
I fear that he will come to school late.
我担心他上学会迟到。
8. probably
probably是副词,表示“很可能;大概”,语气较强,含有可能性较大的意味,常位于行为动词之前,情态动词、助动词或be动词之后,有时也位于句首。例如:
He can probably tell us the truth. 他很可能会告诉我们实情。
【拓展】
(1) probably; maybe/perhaps与possibly的辨析:
probably
相当于almost certainly,其可能性超过一半
maybe/perhaps
指“或许”,其可能性大致为一半,多用于口语
possibly
指“也许;有可能”,其可能性低于一半,通常与情态动词can; may; must连用。
(2)可能性从大到小依次为:probably>maybe / perhaps>possibly
例如:
He will probably succeed. 他很可能会成功。
Maybe / Perhaps he will succeed. 他也许会成功。
He will possibly succeed. 他有可能会成功。
04
句式精讲
1. Why do you think the man is running?
本句是由“疑问词 + do you think + 其他”构成的特殊疑问句。在这种结构中,如果特殊疑问词在句中作主语,特殊疑问句语序不需要变化;如果特殊疑问词在句中不作主语,特殊疑问句用陈述语序。例如:
Who do you think is the tallest in your class?
你认为谁是你们班最高的?
Where do you think we should go for a holiday?
你认为我们应该去哪里度假?
2. One woman in the area saw something running away…
see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行。例如:
I saw him talking with a man on my way home yesterday.
昨天我回家的路上,看见他正在和一个人谈话。
When I entered the room, I saw herwatching TV.
当我进门的时候,我看见他正在看电视。
【拓展】
see sb. do sth.意为“看到某人做某事”,强调看到某人做过某事或经常做某事。例如:
I often see him dance in the classroom.
我经常看见他在教室里跳舞。
I often see him help that old mando cleaning at weekends.
周末,我经常看见他帮助那个老人打扫房间。
3. Another popular idea is that Stonehenge might...
that Stonehenge might...在此作is的表语,是表语从句。引导表语从句的词除了that外,还有what;whether; as if; which; who; whose; when; where; why; how等。表语从句与宾语从句一样,要求用陈述语序。例如:
That is where I was born. 那就是我出生的地方。
The problem is whether he will come. 问题是他是否回来。
This is what we need. 这就是我们所需要的。
4. For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was atemple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods.
本句中含有一个定语从句,where是关系副词,在定语从句中作地点状语。引导定语从句的关系词有:that; who; when; why; where等。
(1) 连接词that,既可指人,也可指物。例如:
The man that you met is my teacher.
你遇到的那个人是我的老师。
She is the singer that I saw last week.
她就是我上周遇到的那个歌唱家。
(2) 关系代词who(指人),whom(who的宾格形式),whose,which(指物)。例如:
The room whose window is broken is our classroom.
那个窗户坏了的房间是我们的教室。
He is the man who knows the answer.
他是那个知道答案的人。
(3) 关系副词when(指时间),why(表原因),where(表地点)。例如:
That is the place where I was born.
那就是我出生的地方。
Canyou tell me the time when you were born?
你能告诉我你出生的时间吗?
5. They think the stones can prevent illness and keeppeople healthy.
prevent是动词,意为“阻止;阻挠”。prevent…from doing sth. 是固定搭配,意为“防止……做某事;阻止……做某事”。例如:
What can we do to prevent the diseasespreading?
我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢?
The heavy rain prevented us from going home.
大雨使我们不能回家了。
篇3:初中英语九年级下册学习资源
Unit 9 I like music that I can danceto.
02
Unit9知识梳理
【重点短语】
1. dance to (music) 随着(音乐)跳舞
2. sing along with 随着…一起唱
3. musicians who play different kinds of music
弹奏不同类型音乐的音乐家
4. electronic music 电子音乐
5. not much 没什么(事)
6. suppose sb to do sth. 猜想某人做某事
7. be supposed to do sth 应该做某事
8. suppose sb (to be) +adj. 原以为…
9. have spare time 有空闲时间
10. in one’s spare time在某人的空闲时间
11. spare the time to do sth 抽时间做…
12. a film director 一名电影导演
13. think too much 想太多
14. in that case 既然那样
15. World War II 第二次世界大战
16. smooth music 悦耳的音乐
17. prefer A to B 比起B来更喜欢A
18. prefer doing A to doing B
19. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
20. feel like doing sth 想要做某事
21. stick to 坚持,固守
22. be down 悲哀,沮丧
23. cheer sb up 使… 高兴/ 振奋
24. have a happy ending 有个美满的结局
25. try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做…
26. less serious 不那么严重
27. a good way to do sth 做某事的好办法
28. make me feel even sadder 让我感觉更伤心
29. provide plenty of information about a certain subject
提供了大量的关于某个主题的信息
30. shut off my brain 关闭我的大脑
【重点句型】
1. I love singers who write their own music.
我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。
2. We prefer music that has great lyrics.
我们更喜欢歌词很棒的曲子。
3. What do you dislike about this CD.
你不喜欢这张CD的什么?
4. What does it remind you of?
它使你想起了什么?
5. The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.
这首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。
6. It does have a few good features, though.
然而,它的确也有一些好的方面。
7. She really has something for everyone.
每个人的确都能从她的作品中领悟到一些东西。
8. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition.
无论怎样,你都不能错过这次展出。
9. As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.
正如乐队名字所暗示的那样, 这支乐队很有活力。
10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.
有些人说他们很无聊,但也有人说,他们是伟大的。
11.I f I were you, I’d eat nuts instead.
如果我是你,我会改吃坚果。
03
词汇精讲
1. along with
along with是介词短语,意为“连同……一起”,与together with同义。如果句子的主语为单数,后接 along with等介词短语时,谓语用单数。例如:
He sent the books along with other things.
我把一些书和其他东西一起寄走了。
The apple,along with some grapes,has gone bad.
苹果,还有葡萄,都变质了。
【拓展】
单数主语即使后面带有由with, along with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as wellas, more than, no less than, rather than等引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:
Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。
My friend said everyone except Tom and Jim was there then.
我的朋友说那时除了汤姆和吉姆大家都在那儿。
2. prefer
(1)prefer是及物动词,意思是“更喜欢、比较喜欢”,相当于like better。例如:
Which do you prefer(=like better),rice or bread?
你比较喜欢哪一样,米饭还是面包?
(2)由prefer构成的短语:
1)preferA to B意为“喜欢A胜过B、比起B来更喜欢A”,此短语中A和B的形式一样,可以是名词、代词或者动名词,但必须两个词形式统一。例如:
We prefer apples to oranges.
比起桔子来我们更喜欢苹果。
My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV.
我奶奶宁愿去散步而不愿看电视。
2)prefer to do something rather than do something 宁愿做某事,而不愿意做某事.此短语中prefer 的后面用动词不定式,than的后面用省略to的动词不定式。例如:
They prefer to stay at home and watch TV, rather than go out for a walk.
他们宁愿呆在家里看电视,也不愿意出去散步。
3. too many &toomuch
(1)too many 意为“太多,大量的”,后跟可数名词复数。例如:
There are too many books in theroom. You can choose any one to read.
房间里有太多的书了,你可以选择任何一本来读。
The boy has too many questions toask.
那个男孩有太多的问题要问。
(2)too much作形容词,意为“许多,大量”,后接不可数名词;用作副词,修饰动词。例如:
I ate too much meat. I’mfat. 我吃太多肉了,我胖了。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛不好。
4. stick
(1)stick作名词,意为“棍,棒,拐杖等”。例如:
The old man has to walk with a walking stick.
那个老人得靠拐杖走路。
(2)stick 作动词,意为“刺;粘贴;卡住”。例如:
The needle stuck her in the hand. 针扎了她的手。
Remember to stick a stamp on envelope. 记住在信封上贴张邮票。
The car was stuck in the mud. 那辆车陷在泥里了。
【拓展】
(1)stick to 意为“坚持,信守”。例如:
Young people should not stick to old ideas and must have the courage to innovate.
年轻人不应该拘泥于旧说, 要勇于创新。
(2)stick out意为“伸出,突出”。例如:
She stuck out her foot and tripped him over.
她伸出脚把他绊倒。
5. cheer
(1)cheer 作不及物动词,意为“欢呼;喝彩”。例如:
We couldn’t help cheering when we won the final.
当我们赢得决赛时我们不禁欢呼起来。
(2)cheer...up 意为“使……高兴起来;使……振奋起来”。例如:
The whole audience stood up and cheered them up.
所有的观众全部起立并大声欢呼。
Let’s cheer him up.让我们使他振奋起来。
(3)cheer on意为“为……加油;为……打气”。
We all cheered them on loudly. 我们大声地为他们加油。
6. like
(1)like 作动词,意为“喜欢,想要”,反义词是dislike或hate。后面可以跟名词,动词不定式或者动名词等。例如:
I’d like some noodles. 我想吃些面条。
My father likes watching TV after supper.
我爸爸喜欢在晚饭后看电视。
She likes flowers very much. 她很喜欢花。
【注意】like后跟todo 时,表示“某一次的喜好或者倾向”;后跟doing时,表示一贯的习惯或者爱好。例如:
She likes doing her homework after supper, but today she likes to watch TV.
她晚饭后一般喜欢做作业,但是今天她想看电视。
(2)like作介词,意为“如同,像”,反义词是unlike。用于“be like +名词或代词”时,意为“像……”;构成“look like”时,意为“看起来与……相像”。例如:
The baby is like his mother. 这个小婴儿长得像他妈妈。
He looks like a teacher. 他看上去像个老师。
7. plenty of
(1)plenty of 意为“大量的,充足的”,相当于alot of, 既可与可数名词连用,又可与不可数名词连用。例如:
I have plenty of time. 我有很多时间。
The room contained plenty of guests. 屋里有很多客人。
(2)plenty of +名词,作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与名词的数相一致。例如:
There is plenty of work to be done. 有很多工作要做。
Plenty of students have come. 来了许多学生。
(3)inplenty 表示“大量;丰富;充裕”。例如:
There is food and drink in plenty.有大量的食物和饮料。
【拓展】
(1)agreat deal of +不可数名词,表示“大量的”。例如:
They need a great deal of food. 他们需要大量的食物。
(2)a great number of +复数名词,表示“许多的”。例如:
Chinese is spoken by a great number of people in the world.
世界上许多人说汉语。
8. especially
(1)especially表示“特别地”,用于修饰形容词或副词,强调程度。有时也修饰动词。例如:
It is especially cold today. 今天特别冷。
We are especially busy today. 我们今天特别忙。
I’m feeling especially tired this evening. 今天晚上我特别累。
I especially want to see that film. 我特别想看那部电影。
(2)用于强调目的,意为“特意、专门”,通常与表目的的不定式或介词 for 短语连用。例如:
We bought it especially for you. 这是我们特意为你买的。
The book is written especially for children. 这本书是专门为孩子们写的。
(3)表示陈述某一事实之后,列举一个具有代表性的例子,作进一步强调,其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。例如:
This street is very crowd, especially on Sundays.
这条街很拥挤,尤其是星期天。
We want to invite some friends, especially Jim and John.
我们想邀请几个朋友,尤其是吉姆和约翰。
04
句式精讲
1. I like music that I can dance to.
Ilike music that I can dance to.为含有定语从句的复合句,that I can dance to为定语从句,修饰先行词music,that为关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。
【拓展】
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词that,who,which等和 关系副词when,where,why等,且定语从句的关联词在从句中充当一定的成分,从句中 谓语动词的时态及单复数要和它所修饰的先行词保持一致。
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
这是他给我的生日礼物。
Do you know everybody who came to the party?
你认识来宴会的每一位吗?
I still remember the night when I first came to the village.
我仍旧记得第一次来到那个村庄的晚上。
This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
这是毛主席曾经居住过的地方。
2. What kind of music do you like?
what kind of意为“什么种类”,后面一般接单数名词或不可数名词。
What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐?
【拓展】
(1)akind of 意为“一种”,修饰名词。
Wateris a kind of matter. 水是一种物质。
(2)differentkinds of 意为“不同种类的”,修饰名词。
There are different kinds ofanimals in the zoo.
动物园中有不同种类的动物。
(3)allkinds of 意为“各种各样”,修饰名词。
All kinds of new cars are on show.
各种各样的新车正在展览。
(4)kind of 意为“有点,有几分”,修饰动词、形容词及副词。
She looks kind of pale after herillness.
她病后面色有点苍白。
3. It’s a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear…
It’s a pity that… 表示“真遗憾……”,其中that引导的only six pieces ofmusic in total were recorded for the future world to hear是主语从句,it是形式主语,真正的主语是其后的that从句。例如:
It’s a pity that you missed the beginning of the show.
你错过了节目的开头真是太遗憾了。
It’s pity that you didn’t pass the exam. 真遗憾你没有通过考试。
4. They can be fun, but I’m tooscared to watch them alone.
too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的,但意义上却表示否定含义,所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not,只接动词原形即可,too后接形容词或副词原形。例如:
The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。
【拓展】
(1)含too…to…的句子可以改写成“so…that…”句型,意为“如此……以至于……”。例如:
He is too old to do hard work.
= He is so old that he can’t do hardwork.
他年纪太大而不能干重活。
(2)含too…to…的句子也可以用“not … enough to do sth.”句型来替换,但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如:
He is too old to do hard work.
= He is not young enough to do hard work.
他年纪大了,不能干重活。
5. …but was one of the most moving…
one of后接形容词最高级及名词复数,意为“最……之一”。
Chang jiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world.
长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
【拓展】
(1)one of the +复数名词+定语从句中,定语从句中的谓语动词跟定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词保持一致,通常用复数。
This is one of the books that are required for study at school.
这是学校里要求学生学习的书籍之一。
(2)如果one of the +复数名词的前面有the only之类的限定语,后面定语从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式。
He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.
他是我校教师中唯一懂得法语的人。