当前位置: 首页 > 初中英语语法核心要点

初中英语语法核心要点

篇1:初中英语语法核心要点

初二英语语法归纳:表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事儿”,一般由名词,代词或相当于名词的词或者短语充当例如:Gina is from Australia。She often goes to the movies.

初二英语语法归纳

1.主语:

表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事儿”,一般由名词,代词或相当于名词的词或者短语充当

例如:Gina is from Australia.

She often goes to the movies.

This kind of juice tastes good!

2.谓语:

主语发出的动作。一般是有动作意义的动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两个方面必须保持一致。

例如: We are both quiet.

He has a smart phone.

You should study harder.

Her parents are teachers.

3. 宾语:

分为动词宾语和介词宾语,属于动作的承受者。

例如:He\'s playing soccer.

Good food and exercise help me to study harder.

4. 系动词:

表示状态或状态变化的动词,没有实际的动作意义。如 be, 感官系动词(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持类系动词(keep, stay 和 remain)、状态变化类系动词(become、get、turn 和 go)等。

This picture looks so beautiful.

Keep working, you will see the post office on your right.

5. 表语:

紧跟系动词后面的成分。说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由 n. adj. 或者相当于名词或形容词的词或者短语,和系动词一起构成谓语。

例如:Her mother is a bank clerk.

Are you ready?

We were at home last night.

6. 定语:

修饰名词或代词的成分。作定语的出形容词外,还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的`词或者短语。

例如: Peel three bananas.

What\'s your name, please?

She\'s a good basketball player.

7. 状语:

修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。一般表示行为发生的时间地点目的方式程度等意义。通常有副词、介词短语或相当于的副词的词或短语来表示。

例如:People are all working hard.

Beijing is not very cold in winter.

1、连词的种类

(1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句,如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。

(2)从属连词用来引导从句,如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。

除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外,还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句),关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。

2、常用连词举例

(1) and和,并且

They drank and sang all night.

(2) both…and和,既…也…

Both my parents and I went there.

(3) but但是,而

I\'m sad, but he is happy.

(4) either…or或…或…,要么…要么…

Either you\'re wrong, or I am.

(5) for因为

I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.

(6) however然而,可是

At first, he didn\'t want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.

(7) neither…nor既不…也不

Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.

(8) not only…but(also)不但…而且…

He not only sings well, but also dances well.

(9) or或者,否则

Hurry up, or you\'ll be late.

Are you a worker or a doctor?

(10) so因此,所以

It\'s getting late, so I must go.

(11) although虽然

Although it was late, they went on working.

(12) as soon as一…就

I\'ll tell him as soon as I see him.

(13) because因为

He didn\'t go to school, because he was ill.

1.由that引导,由于that没有任何意义,也不充当任何句子成分。因此that在非正式文体中可以省略。这类宾语从句通常表达一种陈述意义。

e.g.He told me (that) he would go to Wuhan.

Tom says (that) he must study hard.

She told me (that) she was a student.

(1)如果由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时,第二个that则不能省略。

e.g.She said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all.

(2)常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有:believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。

2.由连接代词或连接副词who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引导,含有“谁、什么、哪个、什么时候、什么地方、怎样、为什么”等特殊疑问意义。

e.g.Do you know who they’re talking about?

Can you tell me what they’re looking for?

I don’t know where she has gone.

I wonder how she can find us.

She didn’t tell me where her hometown was.

3.由从属连词whether和if引导,含有“是否,能否,对否,有否”等一般疑问意义。

e.g.She asked me if I could help her.

Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book.

Please tell me whether you can come or not.

在这类宾语从句中要注意两点:

(1)if引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别

if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”,从句中该用什么时态就应用什么时态。

if引导条件状语从句时意为“假如”,从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

e.g.She wanted to know if you were a teacher.

I don’t know if the letter is yours.

They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow.

I’ll give it to her if she comes next week.

(2)if引导宾语从句时多数情况下可以与whether互换,但如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”这层意思时,通常用whether,并在后面的加上“or not”,即一般要选择whether构成whether…or not的结构。

e.g.Please find out whether the money is his or not.

Let me know whether you can come or not.

I want to know whether you can help me or not.

篇2:初中英语语法核心要点

初二英语重点语法内容

三、句子类型

1.简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。

2.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。

3.两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是简单句+并列连词+简单句。

四、简单句的五种基本句型

1.主语+谓语(即主谓句型)

例:They arrivedinHarbinyesterdaymorning.

分析:they(主语)arrived(谓语)。

2.主语+谓语+宾语(即主谓宾句型)

例:IstudyEnglish.

分析:I(主语)study(谓语动作)English(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。

3.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(即主谓双宾句型)

例:OurteachertaughtusEnglish.

分析:ourteacher(主语)教(谓语动作)us(间接宾语)English(直接宾语)。

4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(即主谓宾宾补句型)

例:Heaskedhertogothere.

分析:he(主语)asked(谓语动作)her(宾语即动作涉及的对象)togothere(补语补充说明宾语做什么)。

5.主语+系动词+表语(即主系表句型)

常用的系动词有be,keep,lie,remain,stand,become,fall,get,go,grow,turn,look,feel,seem,smell,sound,taste,等。

例:Iamateacher.我是一名老师

分析:I(主语)am(系动词)ateacher(表语即表明主语的身份)。

五、宾语从句

1.宾语从句的含义

在主句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。

如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.

她知道这位老师看过这部电影。

that the teacher had seen the film做knew的宾语,同时又是由连接词that引导的从句,所以它叫做宾语从句。

2.宾语从句的分类

(1)动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。

如:He asked whose hand writing was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

(2)介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。

如:I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。

(3)形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。

如:I am afraid that I will be late.恐怕我要迟到了。

3.引导名词性从句的连接词

(1)that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分

(2)whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分。

I dont know if/whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。

(3)连接代词:what,which,who,whom,whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)

连接副词:where,when,how,why(在宾语从句中做状语)

The small children dont know what is in theirs tockings.(what在宾语从句中做主语)

这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why在宾语从句中做原因状语)

你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗?

4.在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点

(1)时态:

①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。

I dont know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。

He tells me that his sister came back yester day.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。

②当主句是过去时态时,宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

He said that he could finish his work be for esupper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。

③当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时,任何时候都用一般现在时。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说过地球绕着太阳转。

(2)语序:任何从句都使用陈述句语序,宾语从句当然也不例外。

六、一般现在时

一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作,或表示现在的特征、状态。

当主语是非第三人称单数时,行为动词的一般现在时变化形式(见下表)。如:

当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词一般现在时的句型变化如下表:

篇3:初中英语语法核心要点

篇3:初中英语语法核心要点

初二英语重点语法内容(三)

七、现在进行时

现在进行时表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。常与now,atthemoment,look,listen等词连用。

ThelittleboyiswatchingTVnow.

这个小男孩现在正在看电视。

Listen!Sheisplayingtheguitarinthenextroom.

听!她正在隔壁房间弹吉他。

现在进行时的基本结构:

肯定式:am/is/are+doing(现在分词)

否定式:am/is/arenot+doing(现在分词)

一般疑问式:Am/Is/Are+主语+doing(现在分词)+其他

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式

They are having a meeting now.

他们现在正在开会。

They arent having a meeting now.

他们现在没有在开会。

Are they having a meeting now?

他们现在正在开会吗?

What are they doing now?

他们现在正在做什么?

八、一般过去时

一般过去时表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态(与现在无关)。常与yesterday,lastweek,in1989,justnow,amomentago,theotherday等过去具体时间状语连用。

He was here just now.

他刚才还在这里。

What did you do yesterday?

你昨天做了什么事?

一般过去时基本结构

1.肯定句形式:主语+动词过去式+其他

I was an English teacher one year ago.

一年前我是一名英语老师。

I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.

昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。

2.否定句形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词

I wasnt an English teacher one year ago.

一年前我不是一名英语老师。

I didnt buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.

昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。

3.一般疑问句:①was/were提到句首;②Did+主语+动词原形+其他?

Were you an English teacher one year ago?

一年前你是一名英语老师吗?

Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon?

昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗?

4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

What were you one year ago?

一年前你是做什么的?

九.一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,或将来经常发生的动作或状态。

一般将来时的基本结构

1.will+动词原形

否定式:willnot=wont

一般疑问式:will+主语+动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

I will do a better job next time.

下次我要做得好些。

Oil and water will not mix.

油和水没法混在一起。

2.am/is/are going to+动词原形

否定式:am/is/are not goingto+动词原形

一般疑问式:am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

He is going to spend his holidays in London.

他打算在伦敦度假。

Look at the dark clouds.There is going to beastorm.

看那乌云,快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us?

他会帮我们收集数据吗?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

明天你打算作什么?

十.情态动词

can(能,会),may(可以,可能,也许),must(必须,一定,应该)haveto(必须,不得不)

1.肯定句结构:主语+can/may/must+动词原形+其它,例如:

I must go now.

2.否定句结构:在can/may/must后加not,例如:

You mustnt talk a loud in the library.

3.一般疑问句结构:把can/may/must提在主语前,例如:

Must you go now?(Yes,Imust.No,Ineednt.)

May I open the window?(Yes,you may.No,you neednt.)

十一.had better用法

had better+动词原形表示最好做,变否定句时在had better后加not。例如:

You had better catch a bus.

Youd better not catch a bus.(Youhad=Youd)

十二.特殊疑问句的变换

对划线部分提问时,将划线部分去掉,剩下部分变一般疑问句语序。(对主语提问例外)例如:

My name is Lily. Whats your name?

The river is 500 kilometres.Hong long is the river?。

版权声明:此文版权归原作者所有,若有来源错误或者侵犯您的合法权益,您可通过邮箱与我们取得联系,我们将及时进行处理。

热门文章

合理支配时间的能力

合理支配时间的能力对于中学生健康成长的重要性。文章提出,时间对每个人都是公平的,但如何有效利用时间却因人而异。一些同学可能学习效率不高,而另一些同学则能在保持良好学习成绩的同时,享受充分的娱乐时间。这其中的关键在于如何科学合理地安排时间。文章介绍了几

2025-03-19

最新文章

教子有方 做成功父母的12个方法

成功父母应掌握的12个方法中的部分内容,包括补充育儿知识的重要性、如何学会倾听宝宝真实想法和感受,如何充分表露自己的情感给宝宝树立榜样,以及抽出时间陪伴宝宝和永远关心宝宝的重要性。这些建议有助于父母更好地理解和养育孩子,建立亲子之间的信任和安全感。

2025-07-09

Copyright © 2024 ~ 2025 易中考

京ICP备10209629号-24

北京九天揽月科技有限公司