中考英语：掌握主动语态与被动语态
篇1：中考英语：掌握主动语态与被动语态
中考英语语法归纳：主动语态与被动语态
在初中的英语学习中，句子语态可以分为主动语态和被动语态两种。那么主动语态的句子需要有哪些语法要注意呢？主动语态和被动语态又会有什么区别呢？下面为大家讲解一下。
主动语态与被动语态的区别：
在主动语态中，主语后面接人(be动词原型)
被动语态(be动词过去分词)
在主动语态中，主语是谓语动词的使动方。在被动语态中，主语是谓语动词的受动方。
在语法结构上，主动语态和被动语态的区别主要在于，主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语，然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法；而被动语态则使用系词动词的过去分词作为谓语，各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。
举例：
1.主动语态：The snows lide killed him.雪崩害死了他。
被动语态：He was killed by the snows lide.他死于雪崩。
2.主动语态：We use electricity to run machines.我们用电力来开动机器。
被动语态：Electricity is used to run machines.电力被我们用来开动机器。
3.主动语态：Bell invented the telephone in 1876.贝尔于发明了电话。
被动语态：The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.电话是贝尔于发明的。
主动形式表示被动意义
大家都知道，用被动语态(形式)来表达被动意义，但有些句子用的却是主动形式，表达的却是被动意义。下面我们就来总结一下常见的用主动形式表示被动意义的几种形式。
1.连系动词(如：feel，taste，sound，smell，look等)用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
This material feels very soft.这块材料摸上去很柔软。
This apple tastes good.这个苹果尝起来很好吃。
篇2：中考英语：掌握主动语态与被动语态
中考英语：主动语态变被动语态专题复习
被动语态由“助动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上，同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。在将主动语态变为被动语态时，可按以下三个步骤：a. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。b. 把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） ，并根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。c. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时，by短语可以省略。例如：
All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory.
含有双宾语的主动句改为被动句时，应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语，另一个宾语仍保留在原处。一种情况是把间接宾语（指人）变为主语，直接宾语（指物）不变；另一种情况是把直接宾语（指物）变为主语，间接宾语（指人）不变，这时，间接宾语前通常加介词to，有时加for.例如：
My father gave me a new book on my birthday.
→I was given a new book （by my father） on my birthday. （间接宾语作了主语）
→A new book was given to me （by my father） on my birthday. （直接宾语作了主语）
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后，to 仍要保留。例如：
We can repair this watch in two days.
→This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once.
→It should be done at once. 练习
将下列句子变为被动语态：
1. We often sing this song.
_______________________________
2. He broke his leg in the match.
_______________________________
3. She will sell her house soon.
_______________________________
4. He is repairing the machine.
_______________________________
5. He has finished his work.
_______________________________
6. We call him Lao Wang.
_______________________________
7. We must do something to help her.
_______________________________
8. What did you say at the meeting？
_______________________________
9. He gave me some old magazines.
_______________________________
10. He told me to wait at the gate.
_______________________________
「参考答案」
1. This song is often sung.
2. His leg was broken in the match.
3. Her house will be sold soon.
4. The machine is being repaired.
5. His work has been finished.
6. He is called Lao Wang.
7. Something must be done to help her.
8. What was said at the meeting？
9. I was given some old magazines.
10. I was told to wait at the gate.
篇3：中考英语：掌握主动语态与被动语态
三、主动语态变被动语态
1）一般情况下主动语态变被动语态
主动句：He closed the door.
变被动句：The door was closed by him.
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done, 时不变，数格必须随被变。
2）主动语态中若有双宾语
Vivian gave me a book. 双宾语（me是间宾， book是直宾）
-I was given?a book by Vivian. 间接宾语提前
-A book was given to?me by Vivian.?直接宾语提前时，要在间接宾语前加介词
动词make/buy/get用for; 动词give/send/lend/take用to
3) “感使动词”?(feel, hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, look at)真奇怪，主动结构“to”走开，被动结构又请来，十个动词要记牢，不会被它再难倒。
We saw him play football on the playground.
我们看见他在操场上打篮球。
变被动：He was seen to play football on the playground.
他被我们看到在操场上打篮球。
篇4：中考英语：掌握主动语态与被动语态
中考英语重点辅导资料：主动与被动语态的区别
在主动语态中，主语后面接人(be +动词原型)
被动语态(be+动词过去分词)
在主动语态中，主语是谓语动词的使动方。在被动语态中，主语是谓语动词的受动方。
在语法结构上，主动语态和被动语态的区别主要在于，主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语，然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法;而被动语态则使用系词+动词的过去分词作为谓语，各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。
举例：
1主动语态：We use electricity to run machines. 我们用电力来开动机器。
被动语态：Electricity is used to run machines. 电力被我们用来开动机器。
2.主动语态：Bell invented the telephone in 1876.贝尔于发明了电话。
被动语态：The telephone was invented by Bell in1876.电话是贝尔于发明的。
3主动语态：The snowslide killed him. 雪崩害死了他。
被动语态：He was killed by the snowslide. 他死于雪崩。
篇5：中考英语：掌握主动语态与被动语态
四、主动形式表被动意义
1) 系动词没有被动语态，如feel, sound, taste, look, become, fall, get, grow, keep, remain, seem, smell, stay, turn等等
Your idea sounds good. 你的注意听起来蛮好的。
You look beautiful. 你看起来美美的。
2) 在need, require, want, be worth , deserve等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义
The TV?needs repairing. 电视需要修理。
= The TV?needs to be repaired.
3) 一般说来，不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能使用被动语态，常见的有：appear, die, disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place，occur等。
A car accident?happened?in the street.
一场车祸发生在街上。
Great changes?have taken place?in my hometown.
我的故乡发生了巨变。
4) 在某些形容词后面，当不定式表达的情况与它前面的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动式表示被动意义。
She has an important meeting?to attend.
她有一个重要的会议要参加。
